Love and Hate
2020-ongoing







I am the daughter of a signmaker. My father has been making signboards since graduating from high school. He moved around the country with his white Hyundai Porter truck, and I often accompanied his journeys as a child. The only scenery from the passenger seat was the father on the ladder measuring with a tapeline. When I grew older, I helped him by peeling off letters along the cut lines of vinyl sheets. Signboards were something familiar to me.

Korean signboards have long been disliked. Reflecting the desire to stand out more than other shops, signs became excessively large and flamboyant. People saw them as an eyesore. In 2012, the Korean government launched a 5-billion-won Signage Improvement Project.ยน They began cutting down illegally installed signs and standardizing the designs and types of signs that had proliferated amid rapid urbanization and weak regulation.

Old signs come down, and new ones go up. Signmaking was nothing more than a means of living, yet in time, my father grew to love it. Since choosing fonts and combining colors was his only pride. Even on the night he argued with a client who refused to pay, he would sit in front of a bright monitor, selecting fonts and arranging them.

I loved my fatherโ€™s letters. And now, the โ€œugly and ignorant signboardsโ€ he made will be torn down.ยฒ The sign manยณ will soon be replaced by the sophisticated designer. Love and Hate is an attempt to record the few remaining old signs today and to hold on to my memories with him.

Signs were the only medium that connected us. As I reached adolescence and his drinking worsened, we stopped asking about each otherโ€™s days. Only the signboards made us think of each other. I have read the signs alone on the street. The distinct letters etched onto the square Panaplex signage, weathered and worn by the sun, will soon be forgotten.


๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํŒ์ง‘ ๋”ธ๋‚ด๋ฏธ๋‹ค. ์•„๋น ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ตํ˜€ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํฐ์ƒ‰ ํฌํ„ฐ๋กœ ์ „๊ตญ์„ ๋‹ค๋…”๊ณ , ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋น ์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์— ๋™์ฐธํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ์กฐ์ˆ˜์„์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ’๊ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ค๋ฅธ ์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ถ€์˜€์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์ด๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ž๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ์‹œํŠธ์ง€์— ์ƒˆ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์นผ์„ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธ€์ž ๋–ผ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋„์™”๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์ด๋ž€ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์€ ๋ฏธ์›€๋ฐ›์•„์™”๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์š•๋ง์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์€ ์–ด๋А์ƒŒ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ณ  ํ™”๋ คํ•ด์กŒ๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ๊ณจ์นซ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒผ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” 2012๋…„ 50์–ต์› ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ ๊ฐ„ํŒ๊ฐœ์„ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์ฐฉ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.ยน ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋„์‹œํ™”์™€ ํ—ˆ์ˆ ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐํ›„์ฃฝ์ˆœ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ„ํŒ์˜ ์‹น์„ ์ž๋ฅด๊ณ , ์ง€์—ญ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์ƒ์ ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฐ„ํŒ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ต์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ—Œ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ„๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํŒ์€ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์•„๋น ๋Š” ์ด๋‚ด ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ. ๋ˆ ๋–ผ๋จน๋Š” ์˜๋ขฐ์ธ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ™”๋กœ ํ•œ๋ฐ”ํƒ• ์‹ธ์šด ๋‚ ์—๋„ ์•„๋น ๋Š” ํ™˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ ์•ž์— ์•‰์•„ ํฐํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์—ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋น ์˜ ๊ธ€์ž๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  โ€˜๋ชป์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์‹ํ•œโ€™ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์€ ๋–ผ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋ง ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.ยฒ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์Ÿ์ดยณ๋Š” ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ก์€ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„์ธ ํ•œํŽธ ์•„๋น ์™€์˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๋ถ™์žก์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ จํ•จ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ฐ„ํŒ์€ ๋‚˜์™€ ์•„๋น ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋งค์ฒด์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ, ์•„๋น ์˜ ์ˆ ์ฃผ์ •์ด ์‹ฌํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”์ด์ƒ ์•ˆ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฌป์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ค์ง ๊ฐ„ํŒ๋งŒ์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ํ˜ผ์ž ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‡๋น›์— ๋ฐ”๋ž˜ ๋ˆ„๋ž˜์ง€๊ณ  ๋œฏ์–ด์ง„ ๋„ค๋ชจ๋‚œ ํŒŒ๋‚˜ํ”Œ๋ ‰์Šค ๊ฐ„ํŒ์— ์ƒˆ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธ€์ž๋“ค๋„ ์–ผ๋งˆ ๋’ค๋ฉด ์žŠํ˜€์ง€๊ณ  ๋งํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.

1 The Ministry of the Interior and Safety launched the Signage Improvement Project in 2012 to renovate outdated or illegally installed signs, providing regional funding through public design contests.

ํ–‰์ •์•ˆ์ „๋ถ€๋Š” 2012๋…„ ๊ฐ„ํŒ๊ฐœ์„ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธํ›„๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์„ค์น˜๋œ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ์ •๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต๋ชจ์ „์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ์ •์„ ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
2 The Seoul Metropolitan Government referred to the renewed signs as Good Signs and branded the initiative Seoul Good Sign Project, defining good signage by individuality, beauty, and harmony.

์„œ์šธ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ณธ ์‚ฌ์—…์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋น„๋œ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์ด๋ผ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„œ์šธ์ข‹์€๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ์‚ฌ์—…๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๊ฐœ์„ฑ, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€, ์กฐํ™”๋กœ ๊ผฝ์•˜๋‹ค.

3 Ganpan-janeni (literally sign guys) is a colloquial, somewhat derogatory term for people who paint or make signs. My father and his coworkers often called themselves ganpan-jaengi, using the term self-deprecatingly to describe their trade.

๊ฐ„ํŒ์Ÿ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋‚ฎ์žก์•„ ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ, ์•„๋น ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„ํŒ์Ÿ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง์—…์„ ํ„ํ•˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.